HTML Table Headers
Tables can have headers for each column or row, or for several columns or rows at once. Header cells are made with <th> elements; each <th> is one table cell.
Example
A table with a header row.
Output: complete HTML page
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Header Row</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Firstname</th>
<th>Lastname</th>
<th>Age</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jill</td>
<td>Smith</td>
<td>50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Eve</td>
<td>Jackson</td>
<td>94</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Vertical Table Headers
To use the first column as headers, make the first cell of each row a <th> element.
Example
A table with headers running down the left side.
Output: complete HTML page
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Vertical Headers</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Firstname</th>
<td>Jill</td>
<td>Eve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Lastname</th>
<td>Smith</td>
<td>Jackson</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Age</th>
<td>94</td>
<td>50</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Align Table Headers
By default, header text is bold and centered. To left-align it, use the CSS text-align property on th.
Example
Headers left-aligned with CSS.
Output: complete HTML page
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<style>
table, th, td {
border: 1px solid black;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th {
text-align: left;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Firstname</th>
<th>Lastname</th>
<th>Age</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jill</td>
<td>Smith</td>
<td>50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Eve</td>
<td>Jackson</td>
<td>94</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Header for Multiple Columns
A header can span two or more columns. Use the colspan attribute on the <th> element. You will learn more about colspan and rowspan in the Table colspan & rowspan chapter.
Example
A header spanning two columns.
Output: complete HTML page
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Header Colspan</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jill</td>
<td>Smith</td>
<td>50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Eve</td>
<td>Jackson</td>
<td>94</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Table Caption
You can add a caption that acts as a heading for the whole table with the <caption> tag.
Note: The <caption> tag should come right after the <table> tag.
Example
A table with a caption.
Output: complete HTML page
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Table Caption</title>
</head>
<body>
<table style="width:100%">
<caption>Monthly savings</caption>
<tr>
<th>Month</th>
<th>Savings</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>January</td>
<td>$100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>February</td>
<td>$50</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>